A quarter in Baghdad were frequent altercations between local Shias and Sunnis have taken place since the tenth century; see Encyclopaedia of Islam, Vol. Zara Sheikh is a famous Pakistani model, actress and also a good singer. Muhammad Ismail Zabeeh Deobandi (1913 - 27 September 2001), was a famous Shia Pakistani writer, orator, historian, scholar and journalist. Nawsib (sg. This list may not reflect recent changes. One repeated the known hard-line positions against azdr,372Close another emphasised the need of including the life of the sahba in the dnyt syllabus, although hinting at the possibility to make it non-compulsory for Shias to attend. 34, for a list of the federal cabinets in the period 195868. Among them the demands to lift bans against ulam and zkirs during Muharram (No. Razkr 26/28:2 (24 July 1963); see also section 3.5, p. 91. On 1112 February 1967 more than 6,000 Shias gathered around the Immbrgh-i Shh-i Karbal of the Rizvia Colony (Karachi) for an All-Pakistan Shia Mutlabt Workers Convention.344Close By that time, more than 200 SMCs of different size had been established all over Pakistan.345Close S. Mushtaq Husain Naqvi, who had become Central Organising Secretary of the SMC since the 1966 Multan Convention,346Close won support for a resolution containing the following ultimatum: during the last three years, the Shias of Pakistan have presented their demands to the government through all kinds of constitutional, peaceful and legal ways, but they have not been paid any attention and [new] obstacles were created. Welcoming the awakening of the Shias through the SMCs he stated: The innocent and simple [Shia] people have long since been the prey of Pirs, Faqirs, Wazirs (ministers), Amirs (chieftains), ulam and zkirs, and are now so much oppressed (mazlm) that the whole country looks like a great immbrgh where we all perform mtam for the sake of our calamities.324Close. The groups participating were JUI, TAS, Majlis-i Ahrr, Majlis-i Tahaffuz-i Khatm-i Nubbuwat, Anjuman-i Tauhd-o-Sunnat and Hizbullh (Razkr 26/24:3; 24 June 1963). Pakistan Times, 23 December 1963; Razkr 27/1:12. When he was finally obliged to accept Rs. 746; Malik, Islamisierung, pp. Mrs. Jinnaha Shia like her late brotherhad been named the candidate of the Combined Opposition Parties on 18 September 1964. Neither President Mirza nor Qizilbash nor, for that matter, any other Shia minister or deputy since 1947 had done much for promoting Shia interests when in office.5Close By contrast, one immediate positive effect of the 1958 revolutionapart from Pakistans recovery from a severe economic crisiswas a lull in the activities of anti-Shia extremists. According to Dihlavi the Boards recommendations were as follows: 1) There will be one textbook for dnyt with three parts: a) Akhlqyt, which will be prepared by Shia and Sunni ulam jointly and must be acceptable to both sects; b) Sunni dnyt; c) Shia dnyt. Besides, what yardstick do those Maulvis who were implicated in the recent riots have to judge others beliefs? Razkr 31/4243:1+2 (1624 November 1958). 166, 16970. The advocate Shaikh Muhammad Abd ul-Aziz Akhtar from Rahimyar Khan had prepared draft statutes for all SMCs, and a twenty-four-member commission headed by S. Ali Husain Shah Gardezi was formed to revise them.325Close Three subcommittees to deal with the three demands were also formed, headed by Najm ul-Hasan Kararvi (dnyt), S. Israr Husain (auqf) and S. Ali Shah Bukhari (azdr).326Close S. Muhammad Dihlavi himself chaired a fourteen-member liaison committee for contacting government officials that notably excluded Nawab Qizilbash.327Close A five-member commission was also formed for managing the finances of the central SMC.328Close Twelve resolutions were passed at the Multan Convention; Resolution No.
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